| ○要約 (任意): | □ | (英) The work of formation of a critical nucleus is sometimes written as W=n{Delta}{mu}+{gamma}A. The first term W_{vol} = n{Delta}{mu} is called the volume term and the second term {gamma}A the surface term with {gamma} being the interfacial tension and A the area of the nucleus. Nishioka and Kusaka [J. Chem. Phys. 96 (1992) 5370] derived W_{vol}=n{Delta}{mu} with n=V_{beta}/v_{beta} and {Delta}{mu}={mu}_{beta}(T,p_{alpha})-{mu}_{alpha}(T,p_{alpha}) by rewriting W_{vol}=-(p_{beta}-p_{alpha})V_{beta} by integrating the isothermal Gibbs-Duhem relation for an incompressible {beta} phase, where {alpha} and {beta} represent the parent and nucleating phases, V_{beta} is the volume of the nucleus, v_{beta}, which is constant, the molecular volume of the {beta} phase, {mu}, T, and p denote the chemical potential, the temperature, and the pressure, respectively. We note here that {Delta}{mu}={mu}_{beta}(T,p_{alpha})-{mu}_{alpha}(T,p_{alpha}) is, in general, not a directly measurable quantity. In this paper, we have rewritten W_{vol}=-(p_{beta}-p_{alpha})V_{beta} in terms of {mu}_{re}-{mu}_{eq}, where {mu}_{re} and {mu}_{eq} are the chemical potential of the reservoir (equaling that of the real system, common to the {alpha} and {beta} phases) and that at equilibrium. Here, the quantity {mu}_{re}-{mu}_{eq} is the directly measurable supersaturation. The obtained form is similar to but slightly different from W_{vol}=n{Delta}{mu}. (日)
| [継承] |