徳島大学 教育・研究者情報データベース(EDB)

1. 山本 裕史

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2. 田村 生弥(徳島大学大学院総合科学教育部地域科学専攻)

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3. (英) Hirata Yoshiko

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4. (英) Kato Jun

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5. (英) Kagota Kei-ichiro

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6. (英) Katsuki Shota

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7. (英) Yamamoto Atsushi

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8. (英) Kagami Yoshihiro

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9. 鑪迫 典久([独立行政法人 国立環境研究所])

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(英) Aquatic Toxicity and Ecological Risk Assessment of Seven Parabens

(英) Individual and Additive Approach

(英) In the present study, aquatic concentrations of seven parabens were determined in urban streams highly affected by treated or untreated domestic sewage in Tokushima and Osaka, Japan. The detected highest concentrations were 670, 207, and 163ngl(-1) for methylparaben, n-propylparaben, and n-butylparaben, respectively in sampling sites with watershed area of no sewer system in Tokushima. Conventional acute/chronic toxicity tests were conducted using medaka (Oryzias latipes), Daphnia magna, and Psuedokirchneriella subcapitata for four parabens, which was consistent with our previous study on three parabens, n-butylparaben, i-butylparaben, and benzylparaben. The aquatic toxicity on fish, daphnia, and algae was weaker for the parabens with a shorter alkyl chain than those with a longer alkyl chain as predicted by their hydrophobicity. Medaka vitellogenin assays and DNA microarray analysis were carried out for methylparaben and found induction of significant vitellogenin in male medaka at 630μgl(-1) of methylparaben, while the expression levels of genes encoding proteins such as choriogenin and vitellogenin increased for concentrations at 10μgl(-1) of methylparaben. Measured environmental concentrations (MECs) of seven parabens in Tokushima and Osaka were divided by predicted no effect concentrations (PNECs) and hazard quotient (MEC/PNEC) was determined for individual parabens. The MEC/PNEC was highest for n-propylparaben and was 0.010 followed by n-butylparaben (max. of 0.0086) and methylparaben (max. of 0.0042). The sum of the MEC/PNEC for the seven parabens was 0.0049. Equivalence factors were assigned for each paraben on the basis of the toxicity of n-butylparaben for each species, and n-butylparaben equivalence was calculated for the measured environmental concentrations. The MEC/PNEC approach was also conducted for the n-butylparaben-based equivalence values. The maximum MEC/PNEC was 0.018, which is lower than the trigger level for further detailed study such as large-scale monitoring for chronic toxicity tests including full-life cycle tests for fish.

1. (英) Animals
2. (英) Chlorophyta
3. (英) Cities
4. (英) Daphnia
5. 遺伝子発現(gene expression)
6. 日本(Japan)
7. (英) Lethal Dose 50
8. (英) Male
9. (英) No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level
10. (英) Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
11. (英) Oryzias
12. (英) Parabens
13. (英) Risk Assessment
14. (英) Rivers
15. (英) Species Specificity
16. (英) Toxicity Tests, Acute
17. (英) Toxicity Tests, Chronic
18. (英) Vitellogenins
19. (英) Water Pollutants, Chemical

1. (英) Article.Affiliation: Institute of Socio, Arts, and Sciences, Graduate School of Integrated Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokushima,1-1 Minamijosanjima-cho, Tokushima 770-8502, Japan. hiroshi@ias.tokushima-u.ac.jp

2. (英) Article.PublicationTypeList.PublicationType: Journal Article

3. (英) Article.PublicationTypeList.PublicationType: Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't